Burner for gaseous and liquid fuels



Aug. 27, 1963 .1. s. ZlNK ETAL 3,101,769

BURNER FOR GASEOUS AND LIQUID FUELS Filed Sept. 25, 1961 2 Sheets-Sheet1 57 53 INVENTORS JOHN 5M/TH Z/NK ROBERT D. REED HERSHELL GUOD/V/GHT BYLL AAQL ATTORNEY United States Patent 3,101,769 BURNER FOR GASEOUS ANDLIQUID FUELS John Smith Zink, Robert D. Reed, and Hershel Goodnight,Tulsa, Okla., assiguors to John Zink Company, Tulsa, Okla, a corporationof Delaware Filed Sept. 25, 1961, Ser. No. 140,411 3 Claims. (Cl. 15811)The present invention relates to a fuel burner and refractory assemblywhich directs a flame produced by a burner head for the gaseous fueltowards a wall to be heated and a fiame produced by a burner head forliquid fuel is directed along the wall to be heated without contacttherewith whereby the radiant factor of combustion of the liquid fuelserves to heat the wall.

An object of the invention is to provide burner heads and a refractoryshroud of such construction that a liquid fuel burner which produces athin fan-shaped flame has free movement within the refractory member andmoves along without striking the Wall to be heated and with the burnerhead for the gaseous fuel producing an elongated sheet-like flame whichis guided by the refractory member transversely of the burner assemblyinto impingement with the wall to be heated.

Another object of the invention is to provide burner heads for liquidfuel and gaseous fuel with an adjustable air control mechanism inassociation with each fuel burner head wherein some of the air forsupporting combustion of the liquid fuel is delivered through thecontrol mechanism for supplying air to support combustion of the gaseousfuel.

Other objects and features of the invention will be appreciated by thoseskilled in the fuel burner art and as the present disclosure proceedsand upon consideration of the accompanying drawings and the followingdetailed 3,101,769 Patented Aug. 27, 1963 by the refractory shroud isdirected into impingement with the wall to be heated.

The structural features and characteristics providing such usefulresults are illustrated in the drawings wherein the refractory memberindicated generally at 14 is mounted within an opening in a ceramicbarrier 10 which may be the floor of a furnace chamber. The innersurface of the barrier 10 is indicated at 11 but the thickness thereofat one side of the burner assembly may be increased to present a furnacewall surface 12 within a chamber to be heated which is arrangedsubstantially at right angles to the plane of the barrier 10.

The refractory shroud member 14 is of elongated shape and its exteriordimensions substantially fills the opening in the barrier 10. Therefractory member 14 closes the opening but provides open areas foraccommodating the burner heads and admitting air to support combustionand these features will be appreciated as the present disclosureproceeds. The refractory member 14 is provided with an elongated cavity16 as shown in FIGS. 1, 3 and 4. One side wall 17 has an inner surfacewhich slopes outwardly in proceeding downstream of the descriptionwherein several embodiments of the invention are disclosed.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the burner assembly taken on the line 11of FIG. 2.

FIG. 2 is a bottom view of a burner assembly.

FIG. 3 is a transverse sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of FIG. 1.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken on the line 4-4 of FIG. 3.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view of the burner head forthe gaseous fuel showing the relationship of the discharge ports to thesurfaces of the refractory member.

FIG.- 6 is a view similar to FIG. 5 showing a modification.

The invention is directed to a burner assembly which is useful forsupplying heat to a wall which in turn radiates the heat to articles oritems within the furnace chamber and facing the heated wall. Largequantities of heat must be delivered to the wall and a burner head forgaseous fuel and a burner head for liquid fuel are provided incombination with a refractory shroud member with the burner heads andthe shroud so constructed as to direct the flame produced by the liquidalong and substantially parallel but not impinging on the wall to beheated whereas the burning gaseous fuel as influenced burner assembly.The wall 17 of the refractory member extends throughout the lengththereof and may be formed integral with end Walls 18 and 19- of therefractory shroud. Another wall 21 also extends throughout the length ofthe refractory member and may be formed integral with the end walls 18and 19. The wall 21 has an inner face 22 on the downstream portion butthe thickness of the upstream portion of the wall 21 is reduced andprovided with an inner face 26 which is substantially parallel to theinner face 22. An angular disposed wall surface 27 joins the wallsurface 26 with the wall surface 22 and the surface 27 merges with thewall surface 26 at an obtuse angle.

A lengthwise extending partition 28 is provided within the refractorymember at the same side of the cavity 16. The partition 28 has an innersurface 29 arranged in a single plane which is parallel to andsubstantially in alignment with the wall surface 22. The partition 28may be formed integral with the end walls 18 and 19 as shown in FIG. 4.The partition 28 is spaced from the wall surface 26 to provide anelongated unobstructed space 23 for accommodating a conduit shapedburner head 24 for gaseous fuel. An open elongated passage 31 isprovided between the free end of the partition 28 and the angular wallsurface 27. The shape and character of the passage 31 is shown in FIGS.1 and 3.

The refractory member 14 in the central part of the cavity 16 isprovided with a recess which has side wall surfaces 33 and 34. Thisrecess has angular end wall surfaces 36 and 37 which diverge from eachother in proceeding downstream of the burner assembly as best shown inFIG. 1. The recess accommodates a liquid fuel burner tip 38 which isprovided with a narrow discharge slot 39 which extends circumferentiallyover the free end portion. The liquid fuel is supplied to the burner tip38 along with an atomizing agent through a guide tube 41 so that theatomized liquid fuel is discharged as a thin fan-shaped pattern asdiagrammatically represented in FIG. 1 which moves in an unharnperedmanner through the cavity 16 and substantially parallel to the wallsurface 12.

The outer face of the barrier 10 and the refractory shroud member 14 maybe covered with sheet-metal as indicated at 42 and the burner assembly38 extends through an opening therein. The burner head for the liquidfuel may be supported in any suitable manner by means which includes aplate 43 forming part of an air register mechanism 44. This air registerassembly is of hemi-spherical shape and includes a stationary member 46having circumferentially spaced openings 47 therein. An outer member 48having apertures 49 therein may be rotated to adjust the registration ofthe circumferentially spaced apertures 49 with the openings 47 tocontrol the volume of the air admitted into the presence of the liquidburner tip and the atomized fuel issuing therefrom.

The gas burner head 24 is of elongated construction as best shown inFIG. 4 and comprises a tubular member supported in the space 23 andextends from one end wall 18 to the other end wall 19. The tubularmember is provided with discharge orifices 51 spaced therealong for theescape of a major portion of the gaseous fuel which is supplied into thegas burner head 24 under pressure through a conduit connection 52. Anair register assembly 53 is provided for controlling the volume of airadmitted to the space 23 through an elongated opening 54. The airregister assembly 53 includes an elongated stationary member 56 having atrough shape in cross section and which may be secured to the barrier 10and the sheet-metal covering 42 in any suitable manner such as by meansof bolts 57. The member 56 is provided with a plurality of openings 58which are spaced from each other throughout the length of the burnerassembly. A plate shaped member 59 is provided within the stationarymember 56 which is adapted to be moved longitudinally relative theretoby means of a handle 61. The plate member 59 is provided with openings62 at spaced intervals along the length thereof so that they may bebrought into registration or partial registration with the openings 58.The elongated character of the air register mechanism 53 and theopenings therein are such as to supply air in volume sufficient forcomplete combustion of the gaseous fuel issuing through the dischargeports 51 and for supplying additional air which moves through thepassage 31 into the presence of the burning liquid fuel.

In operation and when the liquid fuel issues through the slot 39 andupon ignition a flame is produced from the liquid fuel which has a thinfan-shape approximating the diagrammatic representation shown in FIG. 1.Air for supporting combustion is admitted through the air registermechanism 44 and additional air moves through the air register assembly53 and the space 23 and the passage 31 to provide adequate air forcombustion of the liquid fuel. The flame produced by the burning liquidfuel does not engage the wall surface 12. Accordingly there is nodeposit of unburned liquid fuel particles on the wall 12 as a result ofthe operation of the burner for liquid fuel. The flame developed fromthe combustion of the liquid fuel is unimpeded in movement downstreamfrom the burner tip 38. The radiant factor of the flame produced by theliquid fuel is high and heat is transferred to the wall surface 12.

The gaseous fuel supplied to the burner 24 moves lengthwise within thetubular member. A major portion of the gaseous fuel escapes through thedischarge ports 51 which are arranged at spaced intervals along thelength of the burner head 24. The axis of each discharge port 51 and thedirection of the discharge of the gaseous fuel through the ports 51 issubstantially parallel to the face 26 of the wall 21. ,The streams ofgaseous fuel escaping through the discharge ports 51 strike the wallsurface 27 as depicted in FIGS. 3 and and the burning gaseous fuel isdiverted at a direction which is substantially parallel to the face 27of the wall 21. The flame developed by the burning gaseous fuel is thusdirected towards the wall 12 as diagrammatically illustrated in FIG. 3.The flame developed from the gaseous fuel is purposely directed towardsthe wall surface 12 to extract the heat from the burning gaseous fuelbecause the radiant factor of the burning gaseous fuel is low. The airregister assembly 5-3 permits a suflicient quantity of air to enter intothe space 23 to support combustion of the gaseous fuel with additionalair for the operation of the liquid fuel burner. The volume of air thatis admitted through the air register 53 is materially greater than thevolume that may pass through the air register 44. The isolation of thetwo air supplies facilitates operation of the liquid fuel burner.

The gas burner head 24 is provided with kindling ports 71 as shown inFIGS. 4 and 5 at spaced intervals along the length thereof. The axis ofeach kindling discharge port 71 is disposed so that a minor portion ofthe gaseous fuel escaping through the ports 71 engages the wall surface26 immediately downstream from the burner head 24 and thischaracteristic is depicted in FIG. 5. The volume of the gaseous fuelescaping through the ports 71 may be as little as five percent of thevolume of the gaseous fuel and as much as forty-five percent of thetotal volume of the gaseous fuel released from the burner head 24.Combustion of the gaseous fuel issuing through the kindling ports 71begins approximately at the zone represented at 76 in FIG. 5 and heat isproduced along the wall face 26 and at its juncture with the wallsurface 27 to provide heat for kindling and continued rekindling of themajor portion of the gaseous fuel issuing through the discharge ports51. The kindling ports may be eliminated by arranging the dischargeports 51 with their axes in a direction to discharge all of the gaseousfuel towards the juncture of the wall surface 26 with the wall surface27 as shown in FIG. 6.

While the invention has been described with reference to particularstructural characteristics of the fuel burners and the refractory memberit will be appreciated that changes may be made in the details of thevarious elements together with alterations in the overall assembly. Suchchanges and other modifications may be made without departing from thespirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.

What we claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A burner and furnace wall assembly comprising, a barrier, saidbarrier having an elongated opening therethrough, a furnace walladjacent said opening for absorbing heat radiating from burning fuel, anelongated refractory shroud member filling said opening, end walls onsaid shroud member, a first longitudinally extending side Wall joiningsaid end walls, a second longitudinally extending side wall joining saidend walls and having a face confronting the first side wall, said secondside wall having a second face spaced at greater distance from the firstside wall than said first face, an angularly disposed surface on saidsecond side wall joining the first face with the second face, apartition extending lengthwise within said shroud member joining saidend walls and spaced from said second face, said partition having asurface confronting the first side wall, a free edge on said partitionspaced from said angular surface, said first face and said surface onsaid partition and the first side wall forming an elongated cavitywithin said shroud member, a burner head for discharging liquid fuel ina fan shaped pattern downstream within said cavity and substantiallyparallel to said furnace wall, an elongated burner head for gaseous fuelmounted between said partition and said second face, said angularsurface and the edge on said partition providing a passage extendinggenerally transversely of said shroud member through which burninggaseous fuel is deflected by said angular surface, means controlling thevolume of air admitted to the presence of the first burner head, andmeans controlling the volume of air admitted to the presence of saidelongated burner head.

2. A burner and furnace Wall assembly according to claim 1 wherein themeans controlling the volume of air admitted to the presence of theelongated burner head is adjustable to admit excess air for movementthrough said passage into said cavity. 5

3. A burner and furnace Wall assembly according to claim 1 wherein theelongated burner head is arranged adjacent said second face and theburning gaseous fuel heats said second side wall to kindle and rekindlethe gaseous fuel escaping from said elongated burner head. 10

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTSJackson et al. Dec. 20, Archer Feb. 28, Paret Mar. 7, Ferguson June 20,Ferguson Nov. 17, Reed et al. Aug. 12, Zink et al. Sept. 9,

1. A BURNER AND FURNACE WALL ASSEMBLY COMPRISING, A BARRIER, AND BARRIERHAVING AN ELONGATED OPENING THERETHROUGH, A FURNACE WALL ADJACENT SAIDOPENING FOR ABSORBING HEAT RADIATING FROM BURNING FUEL, AN ELONGATEDREFRACTORY SHROUD MEMBER FILLING SAID OPENING, END WALLS ON SAID SHROUDMEMBER, A FIRST LONGITUDINALLY EXTENDING SIDE WALL JOINING SAID ENDWALLS, A SECOND LONGITUDINALLY EXTENDING SIDE WALL JOINING SAID ENDWALLS AND HAVING A FACE CONFRONTING THE FIRST SIDE WALL, SAID SECONDSIDE WALL HAVING A SECOND FACE SPACED A GREATER DISTANCE FROM THE FIRSTSIDE WALL THAN SAID FIRST FACE, AN ANGULARLY DISPOSED SURFACE ON SAIDSECOND SIDE WALL JOINING THE FIRST FACE WITH THE SECOND FACE, APARTITION EXTENDING LENGTHWISE WITHIN SAID SHROUD MEMBER JOINING SAIDEND WALLS AND SPACED FROM SAID SECOND FACE, SAID PARTITION HAVING ASURFACE CONFRONTING THE FIRST SIDE WALL, A FREE EDGE ON SAID PARTITIONSPACED FROM SAID ANGULAR SURFACE, SAID FIRST FACE AND SAID SURFACE ONSAID PARTITION AND THE FIRST SIDE WALL FORMING AN ELONGATED CAVITYWITHIN SAID SHROUD MEMBER, A BURNER HEAD FOR DISCHARGING LIQUID FUEL INA FAN SHAPED PATTERN DOWNSTREAM WITHIN SAID CAVITY AND SUBSTANTIALLYPARALLEL TO SAID FURNACE WALL, AN ELONGATED BURNER HEAD FOR GASEOUS FUELMOUNTED BETWEEN SAID PARTITION AND SAID SECOND FACE, SAID ANGULARSURFACE AND THE EDGE ON SAID PARTITION PROVIDING A PASSAGE EXTENDINGGENERALLY TRANSVERSELY OF SAID SHROUD MEMBER THROUGH WHICH BURNINGGASEOUS FUEL IS DEFLECTED BY SAID ANGULAR SURFACE, MEANS CONTROLLING THEVOLUME OF AIR ADMITTED TO THE PRESENCE OF THE FIRST BURNER HEAD, ANDMEANS CONTROLLING THE VOLUME OF AIR ADMITTED TO THE PRESENCE OF SAIDELONGATED BURNER HEAD.